/d/ |
A) When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends in a vowel or voiced consonant, the pronunciation of the _ed suffix will be /d/. Ex: ( ' ) indicates beginning of stressed syllable. |
A) Sempre que a pronúncia do verbo no infinitivo terminar em vogal ou consoante sonora, a pronúncia do sufixo "_ed" será /d/. Ex: ( ' ) indica início da sílaba tônica. |
play /pley/ - played /pleyd/ grab /græb/ - grabbed /græbd/ brag /bræg/ - bragged /brægd/ live /lIv/ - lived /lIvd/ use /yuwz/ - used /yuwzd/ engage /In'geydj/ - engaged /In'geydjd/ blame /bleym/ - blamed /bleymd/ listen /lIsn/ - listened /lIsnd/ control /k n'trowl/ - controlled /k n'trowld/ repair /riy'per/ - repaired /riy'perd/
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/t/ |
B) When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with a voiceless consonant, the pronunciation of the _ed suffix will be /t/. Ex: |
B) Sempre que a pronúncia do verbo no infinitivo terminar em consoante surda, a pronúncia do sufixo "_ed" será /t/. Ex: |
stop /stap/ - stopped /stapt/ work /w rk/ - worked /w rkt/ laugh /læf/ - laughed /læft/ miss /mIs/ - missed /mIst/ cash /kæsh/ - cashed /kæsht/ watch /wótsh/ - watched /wótsht/
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/ d/ |
C) When the pronunciation of the infinitive ends with an alveolar stop consonant – /d/ or /t/, – the pronunciation of the _ed suffix will be / d/. Ex: |
C) Sempre que a pronúncia do verbo no infinitivo terminar em consoante oclusiva alveolar – /d/ ou /t/, – a pronúncia do sufixo "_ed" será / d/. Ex: |
need /niyd/ - needed /'niyd d/ attend / 'tend/ - attended / 'tend d/ visit /'vIz t/ - visited /'vIz t d/ create /kriy'eyt/ - created /kriy'eyt d/ want /wónt/ - wanted /'wónt d/ print /prInt/ - printed /'prInt d/
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The above rules apply only to the past tense and past participle of verbs. They do not apply to adjectives. Ex: |
As regras acima referem-se apenas ao sufixo _ed do passado e particípio passado dos verbos regulares, e não de adjetivos, como por exemplo: |
crooked /'krUk d/ - desonesto learned /'l rn d/ - instruído, erudito naked /'neyk d/ - nu rugged /'r g d/ - áspero, irregular, acidentado wicked /'wIk d/ - mau, cruel, perverso |